Die-casting materials, die-casting machines, and molds are the three major elements of die-casting production, all of which are indispensable. The so-called die-casting process is the organically integrated use of these three elements to enable stable, rhythmic and rapid production of qualified castings with good appearance, internal quality, and dimensions that meet the requirements of the drawing or agreement, or even high-quality castings. .
The alloys used in die castings are mainly non-ferrous alloys. As for ferrous metals (steel, iron, etc.) due to mold material and other issues, they are rarely used. Aluminum alloys are widely used in non-ferrous alloy die castings, followed by zinc alloys. The following briefly introduces the situation of die-casting non-ferrous metals.
(1) Classification of die-casting non-ferrous alloys Restricted shrinkage, mixed shrinkage, free shrinkage, lead alloy-----0.2-0.3% 0.3-0.4% 0.4-0.5% Low melting point alloy, tin alloy, zinc alloy ------ --0.3-0.4% 0.4-0.6% 0.6-0.8% Aluminum-silicon series--0.3-0.5% 0.5-0.7% 0.7-0.9% -0.9% 0.9-1.1% refractory alloy aluminum-zinc magnesium alloy----------0.5-0.7% 0.7-0.9% 0.9-1.1% copper alloy
(2) Recommended casting temperature for various die-casting alloys Alloy type Average casting wall thickness≤3mm Average casting wall thickness>3mm Simple structure, complex structure, simple structure, complex structure
Aluminum alloy Al-Si series 610-650℃ 640-680℃ 600-620℃ 610-650℃
Aluminum copper series 630-660℃ 660-700℃ 600-640℃ 630-660℃
Al-Mg series 640-680℃ 660-700℃ 640-670℃ 650-690℃
Al-Zn series 590-620℃ 620-660℃ 580-620℃ 600-650℃
Zinc alloy 420-440℃ 430-450℃ 400-420℃ 420-440℃
Magnesium alloy 640-680℃ 660-700℃ 640-670℃ 650-690℃
Copper alloy Ordinary brass 910-930℃ 940-980℃ 900-930℃ 900-950℃
Silicon brass 900-920℃ 930-970℃ 910-940℃ 910-940℃
* Note:
①The casting temperature is generally measured by the temperature of the molten metal in the holding furnace.
②The casting temperature of zinc alloy should not exceed 450℃ to avoid coarse grains.
